Relay-Assisted Satellite QKD Systems using MMW Radio-over-FSO for Vehicular Networks
Abstract
This paper aims at proposing a novel satellite quantum key distribution (QKD) system for vehicular networks. Quantum key from a satellite (i.e., a trusted node) is transmitted through a free-space optical (FSO) channel to a high-attitude platform (HAP) using radio-over-FSO (RoFSO) technique. HAP playing a role as a relaying node forwards the key to moving vehicles via millimeter-wave (MMW) channel. Key information generated is encoded on MMW subcarrier using binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signaling and then recovered at the receiver thanks to a dual-threshold detector. We derive the mathematical expressions for security analysis of the proposed QKD system in terms of quantum bit error rate and ergodic secret-key rate taking into account the channel loss and receiver noise. The numerical results confirm the feasibility of the proposed QKD system.
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References
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[3] H. P. Yuen, “Security of quantum key distribution,” IEEE Access, vol. 4, pp. 724–749, 2016.
[4] F. Grosshans and P. Grangier, “Continuous variable quantum cryptography using coherent states,” Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 77, no. 2, pp. 513–577, 2002.
[5] Q. Xuan, Z. Zhang, and P. Voss, “A 24 km fiber-based discretely signaled continuous variable quantum key distribution systems,” Opt. Express, vol. 17, no. 26, pp. 24244–24249, 2009.
[6] Shimizu Kea, “Performance of long-distance quantum key distribution over 90-km optical links installed in a field environment of Tokyo metropolitan area,” IEEE J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 141–151, 2016.
[7] P. V. Trinh and A. T. Pham, “Design and secrecy performance of novel two-way free-space QKD protocol using standard FSO systems,” In the Proc. of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC), Paris, 2017, pp. 1–6.
[8] P. V. Trinh, T. V. Pham, N. T. Dang, H. V. Nguyen, S. X. Ng and A. T. Pham, “Design and security analysis of quantum key distribution protocol over free-space optics using dual-threshold direct-detection receiver,” IEEE Access, vol. 6, pp. 4159–4175, 2018.
[9] S. Nauerth, F. Moll, M. Rau, C. Fuchs, J. Horwath, S. Frick, and H. Weinfurter, “Air-to-ground quantum communication,” Nature Photonics, vol. 7, pp. 382–386, 2013.
[10] R. Bedington, J. M. Arrazola, and A. Ling, “Progress in satellite quantum key distribution,” npj Quantum Information, vol. 3, no. 30, pp. 1–13, 2017.
[11] D. Grace, N. E. Daly, T. C.Tozer, A. G. Burr, and D. A. J. Pearce, “Providing multimedia communications from high altitude platforms,” Int. J. Sat. Commun., no. 19, pp. 559–580, Nov. 2001.
[12] M. Q. Vu, N. T.T. Nguyen, H. T. T. Pham, and N. T. Dang, “Performance enhancement of LEO-to-ground FSO systems using all-optical HAPbased relaying,” Physical Communication, vol. 31, pp. 218–229, Dec. 2018.
[13] M. Q. Vu, N. T. Dang, and A. T. Pham, “HAP-aided relaying satellite FSO/QKD systems for secure vehicular networks” In the Proc of the 2019 IEEE 89th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-2019 Spring), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Apr.-May. 2019.
[14] G. Agrawal, Fiber-optic Communication Systems (4th edition). John Wiley and Sons Ltd., New York, USA, 2010.
[15] 3GPP TR 38.811, “Study on new radio (NR) to support non-terrestrial networks,” v1.0.0, 2018.
[16] N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, “Quantum Cryptography” Rev. Mod. Phys., vol. 74, pp. 145–195, 2002.
Published
2020-12-29
How to Cite
PHAM, Thu Anh; DANG, Ngoc T..
Relay-Assisted Satellite QKD Systems using MMW Radio-over-FSO for Vehicular Networks.
Journal of Science and Technology: Issue on Information and Communications Technology, [S.l.], v. 18, n. 12.2, p. 31-37, dec. 2020.
ISSN 1859-1531.
Available at: <http://ict.jst.udn.vn/index.php/jst/article/view/109>. Date accessed: 20 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.31130/ict-ud.2020.109.
Section
Articles
